Field of view, crop factor, camera angle and panorama overlap — work out how a shot will actually frame before you get there.
Focal length and sensor format → horizontal, vertical and diagonal angle of view.
Convert a focal length to its full-frame-equivalent (or back) on any sensor format.
Subject height, camera height and distance → the vertical angle and lens you need to fit it in frame.
Lens, sensor, orientation and overlap → how many frames and how far to rotate between them.